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Plain-English explainers that pair with the calculators. More are on the way.

Math Formulas Reference (2026)

Every formula behind every calculator on this site, in one table, each with a worked example and a downloadable CSV.

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How to simplify a square root

Pull the largest perfect-square factor out of a radical, step by step, with worked examples.

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How to Find a Derivative

Learn how to find a derivative step by step. This guide covers the power rule, product rule, and chain rule with worked examples.

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How to Solve Quadratic Equations

Learn how to solve quadratic equations using the quadratic formula, factoring, and completing the square, with clear worked examples.

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How to Find the Slope of a Line

Learn how to find the slope of a line from two points, an equation, or a graph. Includes the slope formula and worked examples.

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How to Simplify a Square Root

Learn how to simplify square roots step by step. Find the largest perfect-square factor, split the radical, and reduce. Includes worked examples.

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What Is Standard Deviation?

Standard deviation measures how spread out numbers are from the average. This guide explains the formula, walks through a step-by-step example, and an

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GCF vs LCM: What's the Difference?

The GCF is the largest number that divides two numbers evenly. The LCM is the smallest number both divide into. Learn the difference with worked examp

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The Pythagorean Theorem Explained

The Pythagorean theorem says a squared plus b squared equals c squared for any right triangle. This guide walks through the proof, worked examples, an

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Order of Operations: PEMDAS Explained

PEMDAS stands for Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction. Learn how to apply the order of operations with step-by-ste

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Reading the discriminant

What b squared minus 4ac tells you about a quadratic before you solve it.

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From two points to a line

Turn a pair of points into slope, intercept, and the full equation of the line.

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